Compétences numériques en lien avec le renforcement des capacités
Version pour l'examen du TAC
Why digital skills are needed?
Today’s ever-changing technology landscape requires a combination of knowledge and skills that is very different from what it was few years ago. Having digital skills enables individuals to fully participate in their social and professional lives. For example, the “new normal” following the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the challenges that still exist when it comes to connecting households and people, and the digital skills required to participate effectively in an increasingly digital world. The need for a digitally competent population and the demand for a digitally skilled workforce have grown even more pronounced today.
What are Digital Skills?
Digital skills include a “combination of behaviors, expertise, know-how, work habits, character traits, dispositions and critical understandings” (Broadband Commission, 2017). Thus, digital skills could be further divided into multiple different skills as follows:
Technical skills: the ability to use a smart mobile device, an application, and to navigate online to accomplish a task
Professional technical skills: the ability to understand various techniques involved in conceptualizing, designing, development, testing, integration, operations & maintenance of software products. These broadly include Software Development Life cycle (SDLC), Project management (Agile), Open Source, Open Data, digital infrastructure including cloud, architecture, and so on.
Information management skills: the ability to access and use information to make informed decisions
Online communication skills: communication is crucial to create effective and trustworthy digital channels, especially because interactions among stakeholders are often exclusively remote, with no face-to-face encounters
Critical thinking and problem-solving skills: the ability to use ICT to make informed judgments and choices, and then use the information gathered to solve a problem
Enterprise Skills: Communication, collaboration, project management, continuous learning, product management lifecycle, problem-solving, digital leadership, and design thinking.
Other skills supplementary to digital skills: the ability to apply skills in practice, proficiency in the English or the working language, presentation skills, mind-set and behavior in terms of self-motivation to learn, interest in lifelong learning, and a “go the extra mile” mentality.
GovStack is a unique approach that emphasizes the use of building blocks over existing monolithic solutions. This approach calls for a few more additional skills to what has been described as part of digital skills.
The following are suggested technical focus areas that are recommended for the implementation of the GovStack Approach. These skills may be acquired by various stakeholders as relevant to them.
Software Reusable components
Building Blocks / Lego bricks game
Open Source Solutions
Workflows
Interoperability
Service Standards
Sandbox environment
Software Testing
Agile Project Management
User stories
User experience
Design thinking
User journey
Cloud Computing.
Security
Privacy
Enterprise Architecture
Suggested non-technical focus areas include:
Understanding the difference between digitization, digitalization and digital transformation
Awareness at all levels
Communication/Publicity strategy
Ethics
Citizen engagement
How digital skills helps countries to implement the GovStack approach
The proposed behaviour, knowledge, and skills will come in hand at various stages of the stakeholders’ activities lifecycle. For example, a citizen can learn about GovStack through citizen engagement activities and demand for non-listed services. Similarly, a government department can gain a better understanding of what key competencies it needs to conceptualize, design/co-design, plan, and implement various digitalization activities while adopting the GovStack Approach.
Stakeholders Who Support Capacity Building
Stakeholder Responsibility and Roles
There can be different kind of stakeholders (government and internal) and external stakeholders who support capacity building during the digital transformation process. GovStack has identified various internal stakeholder profiles that support the implementation of citizen centric digital government services. The profiles are as follows:
Their main function is as decision-makers in national or regional governments, and head government entities. They perform legislative duties and are in charge of the long-term planning for the government ministries.
On the other hand, policy officials research, analyze and develop policies in various public sectors, and shape and implement these policies to improve the existing regulation around the sector. They evaluate effects of existing policies and report findings to the government and members of the public. Policy officers work closely with partners, external organizations or other stakeholders and provide them with regular updates.
Program implementers, also known as middle managers plan, organize, direct, control and coordinate various departments within the government such as administrative, digital transformation, human resource, public relations, accounting and finance etc. They take directives from the top managers, implement the strategies and supervise the operations of their entities at the national and regional levels. They also coordinate between the top and lower levels of management to ensure the set targets are met.
The ICT professionals undertake various leadership activities (e.g., planning, coordination, and direction) across information technology subfields.
Service designers are responsible for planning the entire lifecycle of a product or service. This may involve creating or transforming the catalog of products and services delivered by different government departments.
Trainers are responsible for creating, preparing, and/or delivering professional education programs. These programs are frequently tailored to meet organizational training needs. Moreover, trainers can also carry out research activities and advise policy-makers in connection with education issues.
These are the actual users of applications. These are people who either a) deliver services directly or indirectly to the end beneficiaries or b) are recipients of the services. These include employees and citizens.
Training Delivery to support digital services
GovStack approach provides different training topics in accordance with user profiles which support to better implement the GovStack approach. In order to establish right approach and move towards digital services first the general knowledge according the GovStack eco system as well digital governance era with respect to digital transformation is needed. GovStack has developed main training topics to each stakeholder who will be involved with the GovStack implantation journey and is involved or assist digital teams. However, many open-source courses are available which can support our approach during the implementation stages.
The main tenets of such training programs are -
1. Easily understandable training content
2. Regular, frequent, dedicated support
3. Channels of training support
All training objects and learning materials can be found on GovStack LMS
For best outcomes, it is advisable to kick off the training plan with a strategic discussion will all the key stakeholders involved with digital transformation activities. This initial stage typically starts by setting a common understanding of the benefits that can be reaped through digitization for all relevant parties. This practice allows us to root everyone’s focus on a user-centric perspective of service transformation. This can then be followed by more encompassing technical training sessions
For example, in e-Chhawani program in India, pieces of training were delivered once every quarter. A special emphasis was laid on ensuring easy access to training materials with repeated reminders of how to access them. In addition, a specific time every quarter was dedicated to training and these trainings were calendarized for the entire year. For example the 2nd week of each quarter.
