3.1.1.1 Understand needs and requirements
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Start by understanding the needs and requirements of the solution, including users' needs, expectations, and pain points. Consider the "Person" and the "Role" are not the same. For example, the same person may use a health care application as a doctor and also as a patient but the needs of a doctor's UI/UX are different from that of a patient, and while the doctor may work on the data of multiple patients, a patient can access only self-data. You can find more examples of how to understand user needs in
Understanding user needs begins with user research. This includes techniques like surveys, interviews, user testing, and analysis of usage data. The goal is to understand the tasks users are trying to complete, the problems they face, and the goals and motivations of users in specific roles.
Always question assumptions about what users need in specific roles. Just because something is commonly done or seems like a good idea doesn't mean it is what users need. Validate every assumption with data.
Before jumping into solutions, make sure you have correctly framed the problem. Ask: What user need is this solving? Why is this a problem for our users? How do we know this?
Not all user needs are equally important. Use data from your research to prioritise features and improvements based on what users need most.