One of the cornerstones of our commitment to excellence is our unwavering dedication to listening to you, our readers. Your feedback is invaluable to us. We don't just collect it; we cherish it. Your thoughts, opinions, and suggestions are the compass guiding our journey toward continuous improvement.

In order to provide feedback for a particular page

• Open the GovStack Implementation Playbook,

• Navigate to the page you would like to provide feedback on,

• Click the “Give Feedback” button in the upper right corner,

• Upon clicking the “Give Feedback” button, a feedback form is created where you can share your name, email address, and your feedback.

The feedback form auto-fills the link of the page that you wish to leave feedback on.

• Minimize redundancies by integrating and streamlining steps across the user journey. This can be achieved by: retrieving information required to obtain a service from registries; tailoring unified forms that are auto-filled and require only the data that does not already exist within registries.

• Silence signifies tacitly expressed consent. Shifting the burden of proof in administrative proceedings. Example: Notifying the government of new business operations instead of requesting a business license.

• Elimination of requirements, data, or documents. Example: Validation of information through consulting the data from registries instead of requesting the user to present copies of documents.

• Reduction of the maximum term of resolution. Example: reduction in the time between application and approval for a business license.

• Extension of validity (to avoid the need for continuous renewals).

• Immediate resolution procedure. Access to registries should be completely automated, for example, obtaining birth certificates and attestation of no prosecution.

Touchpoint: A point of contact or interaction between a service and the user. Examples: physical visits to a government office, sending documents via post, phone call, sms, e-mail, voice command, and more.

Painpoint: A persistent or recurring problem, as with a step within the service, that frequently inconveniences or annoys users. Example: filling multiple forms to access a service.

Opportunity for improvement: These are possible simplifications that can improve the user experience. Please refer to the simplification principles.

Become a key partner for regional piloting and incorporating GovStack into country-level digitalization strategies

Opportunities to get involved:

• Prioritise sectors to introduce digital services.

• Identify and rank services/use cases to be digitised.

• Design and develop citizen centric, seamless digital government services.

• Deploy and test digital government services on GovStack sandbox.

• Migrate the digital governent services on country infrastructure.

• Develop Capacity on GovStack & Whole-of-Government approach to digitise government services at scale.

• Develop digital strategies, strengthen institutional capacity based on BB approach together with digital readiness studies.

• Participate in knowledge-exchange to strengthen the global GovStack community by joining Forums and high-level panels representing the GovStack initiative.

To learn more about how to become a Reference Implementation Country please follow the link.

Become a Champion Country by sharing Country DPGs & Expertise to other Countries:

• Identify potential DPGs that are likely to also comply with building blocks specifications

• Identify existing DPGs that can be used to inform specifications of building blocks – where these specifications are not yet in place/still evolving

• Create alignment and coordination for how to accelerate the discovery of these DPG Building Blocks eg. via a digital marketplace

Opportunities to get involved:

• Participate in bi-monthly discussion rounds to exchange on DPGs as well as definitions for building blocks and Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI)

• Share best practices with and learn from other experts

• Contribute to the publication of GovStack relevant definitions (e.g. building blocks, DPI)

To learn more about becoming a Champion Country please follow the link.

Participate in the co-design and review of Building Block technical specifications in GovStack working groups.

Find specifications for GovStack Building Blocks linked .

Share best practices in our GovStack communities of practice and exchange formats:

• GovStack CIO Digital Leaders Forum

• GovStack Demo Days

• GovStack Learning Management System (LMS)

• Identify weaknesses in the user interface: Blueprinting exposes the big picture and offers a map of dependencies, thus allowing a service designer to discover a weak leak at its roots.

• Identity opportunity for optimization: The visualization of relationships in blueprints uncovers potential improvements and ways to eliminate redundancy.

• Coordinating complex services by bridging cross-dependent efforts. Blueprinting forces service designers to capture what occurs internally throughout the totality of the user journey, giving them insight into overlaps and dependencies that departments/ministries alone could not identify.

Government ministers function as decision-makers in national or regional governments, and head government ministries. They perform legislative duties and supervise the operation of their department.

Top managers plan, direct, coordinate and evaluate the overall activities of enterprises, governments and other organizations, or of organizational units within them, and formulate and review their policies, laws, rules and regulations.

Tasks performed by top managers usually include formulating and advising on the policy, budgets, laws and regulations of enterprises, governments and other organizational units; establishing objectives and standards and formulating and evaluating programmes and policies and procedures for their implementation. The roles include:

Chief Information Officers define and implement the ICT strategy and governance. They determine necessary resources for the ICT strategy implementation, anticipate ICT market evolutions and company business needs. They contribute to the development of the organization's strategic plan and ensure that the ICT infrastructure supports the organization's overall operations and priorities

Qualifications

Bachelor’s degree in computer science, computer or software engineering, information systems or related role.

Postgraduate qualification and/or a recognized professional credential relevant to the role is a plus.

3-5 years’ supervisory or management experience in a technology role

Minimum 7 years’ experience in a private or public managerial role in the technology field,

Solid understanding of data analysis, budgeting, and business operations

Superior analytical and problem-solving capabilities

A strong strategic and business mindset

Excellent organizational and leadership skills

Outstanding communication and interpersonal abilities

Chief ICT security officers protect company and employee information against unauthorized access. They also define the Information System security policy, manage security deployment across all Information Systems and ensure the provision of information availability.

Qualifications

Bachelor’s degree in computer science, computer or software engineering, information systems or related role.

MSc Information Security or postgraduate qualification in a related IT field.

One or more qualifications in: • Certified Information Security Manager (CISM) • Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) • Certified Information systems Auditor (CISA)

Member of the Institute of Information Security Professionals is a plus.

An excellent understanding of best practice within Information Security and risk management including standards such as ISO/IEC 27001, Cyber Essentials and COBIT

An excellent understanding of legislation and regulations that impact information Security An understanding of current and emerging threats and countermeasures and the organizational challenges to addressing these threats

An understanding of Application Security threats and countermeasures

A good practical knowledge of security technologies and wider business solutions including Firewalls, IDS/IPS, Identity and access management, SIEM, remote working and cloud technologies

Substantial experience in senior management in a complex IT organization encompassing service delivery, application development and IT infrastructure

Proven track record in the management and delivery of transformational security improvements across an organization

Proven experience in directing and managing innovative change and continuous improvement, ensuring excellent organizational performance and outcomes across a complex portfolio of responsibilities

Proven experience at managing complex budgets and resources with a track record of identifying and securing approval for business cases at enterprise level for organizational investment in information and cyber security

Experience in leading, developing and motivating a team

Chief technology officers contribute to a company's technical vision and lead all aspects of technology development, according to its strategic direction and growth objectives. They match technology with business needs.

Qualifications

Bachelor’s degree in computer science, computer or software engineering, information systems or related role.

MBA and/or postgraduate qualification in a related IT field.

8+ years progressive experience in technology leadership role.

Good understanding of how technology can achieve company objectives (and how to utilise it to do so).

Deep understanding of interconnected systems and the cost, performance, and strategic implications of making particular architecture choices

Experience building and leading world-class software development teams and processes across geographies

Product management experience

Successful in owning business results, and knows how to inspire the team to feel empowered and accountable for their decisions

Ability to step outside your own technical domain and take the “voice” of the customer as input into their direction setting and decision making

Domain expertise in IaaS, PaaS, or SaaS products

Excellent understanding of cloud computing technologies, highly reliable and available large scale distributed systems

Experience leading and motivating software engineering teams and managing complex software projects

Exceptional team management skills.

Excellent verbal and written communication.

Ability to delegate efficiently.

Extensive industry knowledge with an eye towards the future.

ICT operations managers coordinate ICT services and infrastructure ensuring that the organization has the required infrastructural resources. They also plan and monitor stages of either a business process or a computer process, negotiate contracts and take mitigation action in case of non-fulfilment of agreements. They oversee the day-to-day tasks involving infrastructure components, ICT systems and software.

Qualifications

Bachelor’s degree in computer science, computer or software engineering, information systems or related role.

MBA and/or postgraduate qualification in a related IT field.

Extensive experience in a related senior ICT management role typically in the region of ten years’ experience in a similar discipline

Experience of working in a customer focused environment operating under a formal ICT Service Management structure such as ITIL.

Significant experience in the development and implementation of processes related to ICT Technical Operations.

Ability to think strategically to plan complex service delivery in a demanding and changing environment.

Experience of managing budgets and delivering savings against those budgets.

Significant experience in the management of ICT supplier contracts with a track record of building effective working relationships with suppliers.

A deep and extensive technical knowledge of the technologies and ICT systems used in large organizations.

Ability to formulate technical reports using information for performance monitoring and develop process documentation and diagrams to support new and existing ICT services.

Ability to apply a mature and rational approach to complex issues and problem solving, including conflict resolution.

Ability to work at a high level in a large organization, acting as an ambassador for the ICT Service

IT personnel perform a wide range of activities related to the Information Technology and Cybersecurity of the government ranging from information security and technology, information security operations and maintenance, information security overseeing and governance, cyber security infrastructure, defense, analysis and investigations. It includes roles such as:

Backend developers develop, implement and document web-accessible software based on the designs provided. They align the client's web presence with its business strategy, troubleshoot software problems and issues and look for ways to improve the application.

Qualifications

Bachelor’s degree in in a field such as Computer science, web design, digital design, or graphic arts; an associate degree with proven years of experience may be a substitute.

Experience focusing on enterprise scale backend architectures

3+ years of experience designing, developing, debugging, and deploying software

Experience working with either relational or non-relational databases – ideally both

Experience working with cloud architectures – such as AWS Experience with programming languages like Java, Ruby, PHP or Python.

Solid understanding of the entire product development process.

Basic knowledge of front-end technologies like HTML, JavaScript, and CSS.

Cloud engineers are responsible for the design, planning, management and maintenance of cloud-based systems. They develop and implement cloud-applications, handle the migration of existing on-premise applications to the cloud, and debug cloud stacks.

Qualifications

Bachelor’s degree in Computer Science, Computer Engineering, or Information Technology, or in a relevant field.

Master’s degree in a relevant field and certifications such as Azure, AWS Certified Solutions Architect certification is a plus.

At least 5 years relevant professional work experience in the cloud computing industry

Expertise in practical object-oriented development knowledge with at least Scala or Java, knowledge of systems like ZooKeeper, Consul etc.,

Familiarity with containerization technologies such as Docker and Pivotal Cloud Foundry Docker, OpenStack, and Public cloud delivery know-how with AWS and/or Azure

Solid understanding of software development, engineering, programming languages and tools; Java, Python, Ruby, .NET/C#, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PowerShell, CI/CD pipelines

Ability to work with Agile methodologies (Scrum, Kanban, Lean Startup, XP)

Solid experience crafting solutions for the server-side of scalable cloud software applications and platforms

Extensive skills and knowledge in architecting a highly distributed cloud system and responding to operational issues

Experience with cloud migration, as well as experience with OpenStack, Linux, Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure, DevOps, NoSQL etc.

A good team player and able to work in a team-driven environment

Exceptional verbal, presentation, and written communications skills to convey information clearly to the different audience

Willingness to learn and work with new and emerging technologies.

Cloud architects are responsible for the design, planning, management and maintenance of cloud-based systems. They develop and implement cloud-applications, handle the migration of existing on-premise applications to the cloud, and debug cloud stacks.

Qualifications

Bachelor’s degree in Computer Science, Computer Engineering, or Information Technology, or in a relevant field.

Master’s degree in a relevant field and certifications such as AWS Certified Solutions Architect certification is a plus.

At least 5 years relevant professional work experience designing, executing, and supporting IT Cloud solutions.

Solid knowledge of full software development lifecycle processes, enterprise application software installation and maintenance, integrating with third-party applications through API interfaces and other means

Familiarity with mobile application development, ability to build applications using microservices architecture, and capacity to debug and optimize code and automate routine tasks

Technical knowledge of Agile, frontend and backend programming languages, databases and Cloud Infrastructure, auto scaling, and automated testing

Fundamental knowledge of networking, security, and systems engineering concepts.

Hands-on experience in cloud provisioning tools such as CloudFormation, Terraform, and experience in Linux operating system

Ability to work in a team, Good written and verbal communication skills.

Data analysts import, inspect, clean, transform, validate, model, or interpret collections of data with regard to the business goals of the company. They ensure that the data sources and repositories provide consistent and reliable data. Data analysts use different algorithms and IT tools as demanded by the situation and the current data. They might prepare reports in the form of visualizations such as graphs, charts, and dashboards.

Qualifications

Bachelor's Degree in Computer Science, Engineering, Information Systems, Information Technology related field.

Postgraduate qualification and/or a recognized professional ITIL is an added advantage.

5+ years of experience in migrating data between disparate systems, with strong exposure to data migration and PostgreSQL

Knowledge related to computer technology, network infrastructure, systems and applications, security, and storage

Strong agile project management and organizational skills.

Strong analytical and problem-solving skills and excellent verbal and written communication skills

Hands on experience with MS Excel and Macros

Data scientists find and interpret rich data sources, manage large amounts of data, merge data sources, ensure consistency of datasets, and create visualizations to aid in understanding data. They build mathematical models using data, present and communicate data insights and findings to specialists and scientists in their team and if required, to a non-expert audience, and recommend ways to apply the data.

Qualifications

A Bachelor’s degree in Data Science, Computer Science, Engineering or relevant field

Postgraduate qualification and/or a recognized professional credential relevant to the role is an added advantage.

5+ years hands on experience with Data Science tools, business intelligence tools (e.g. Tableau) and data frameworks (e.g. Hadoop)

Knowledge of statistical programming languages like R, Python, and database query languages like SQL, Hive, Pig is desirable. Familiarity with Scala, Java, or C++ is an added advantage.

Good applied statistical skills, including knowledge of statistical tests, distributions, regression, maximum likelihood estimators, etc.

Good knowledge of machine learning methods like k-Nearest Neighbors, Naive Bayes, SVM, Decision Forests and operations research.

Strong Math Skills (Multivariable Calculus and Linear Algebra) -and understanding the fundamentals of Multivariable Calculus and Linear Algebra

Proficiency in data mining and wrangling

Experience with Data Visualization Tools like Matplotlib, ggplot, d3.js., Tableau that help to visually encode data

Excellent communication and presentation skills

Problem-solving aptitude

Analytical mind and business acumen

Database managers test, implement and administer computer databases. They use their expertise in database management systems to plan, coordinate and implement security measures to safeguard computer databases. They also use scripts and configuration files to tailor a database to users' needs.

Qualifications

A Bachelor’s degree in Management Information Systems, Computer Science, Information Systems, or Information Technology or a related field

Postgraduate qualification and/or a recognized professional credential relevant to the role is an added advantage.

At least 2 years’ experience in database management or similar role

Solid experience designing, developing, and producing database reports.

Advanced proficiency in Structured Query Language (SQL).

In-depth knowledge of database technologies, architecture, and data security and best practices in database management.

Advanced analytical, leadership, and problem-solving skills. Exceptional organizational skills and attention to detail. Excellent interpersonal and communication skills.

DevOps specialists support the development and operation of software through tools, environments and practices. They organise and implement a process to manage changes throughout the lifecycle of ICT assets such as software, applications, ICT systems, etc. ICT change and configuration managers have a sound knowledge of the main technologies and processes used in system engineering and to manage the lifecycle of ICT systems and subsystems.

Qualifications

Bachelor's Degree in Computer Science, Engineering, Information Systems, Information Technology related field.

Postgraduate qualification and/or a recognised professional credential is an added advantage.

5+ years of overall experience Strong hands-on Linux experience (RHEL/CentOS, Debian/Ubuntu,Core OS)

Strong hands on Experience in managing AWS/Azure cloud instance Strong scripting skills (Bash, Python, Perl) with Automation.

Strong hands-on in Git/Github, Maven, DSN/Networking Fundamentals.

Strong knowledge of CI/CD Jenkins continuous integration tool

Good knowledge of infrastructure automation tools (Ansible,Terraform)

Good hands-on experience with Docker containers including container management platforms like Kubernetes

Strong hands-on in Web Servers (Apache/NGINX) and Application Servers (Jboss/Tomcat/Spring boot)

A Digital security manager proposes and implements necessary security updates. They advise, support, inform and provide training and security awareness and take direct action on all or part of a network or system.

Qualifications

Bachelor’s degree in Information Assurance, Information Security, Cybersecurity, or IT related field.

Postgraduate qualification and a recognized professional credential Security certification such as CISSP or CISM are desirable.

5+ years working experience in the digital security field.

Proven experience in planning, organizing, and developing the strategy for an organizations Security Operation.

Strong knowledge of technology, particularly as it relates to digital safety tools, best practice, and information management.

A solid understanding and experience with intrusion detection, incident response, threat hunting, common attack methodologies, tactics and protocols, and indicators of compromise required.

Excellent written and verbal communication skills with the ability to tailor communications for technical and non-technical audiences.

(AI, Blockchain, IoT, Quantum Computing)

ICT intelligent systems designers apply methods of artificial intelligence in engineering, robotics and computer science to design programs which simulate intelligence including thinking models, cognitive and knowledge-based systems, problem solving, and decision making. They also integrate structured knowledge into computer systems (ontologies, knowledge bases) in order to solve complex problems normally requiring a high level of human expertise or artificial intelligence methods.

Qualifications

Bachelor’s degree in Data Science, Statistics, Machine Learning, Computer Science or IT related field.

Postgraduate qualification and/or a recognized professional credential is an added advantage.

3+ years proven experience in Artificial Intelligence, deep learning, and other relevant fields.

At least 3 years of experience in formulating and strategizing AI solutions and applying AI to practical and all-inclusive technology solutions

Familiarity with functional design principles, object-oriented programming principles, basic algorithms.

Hands-on knowledge in machine learning, deep learning, Tensorflow, Python, NLP

Hands-on experience in REST API and designs such as RDBMS design, NoSQL design.

A frontend developer designs, builds and improves website software that meets user needs.

Qualifications

Bachelor’s degree in in a field such as Computer science, web design, digital design, or graphic arts; an associate degree with proven years of experience may be a substitute.

3+ years' experience with scripting languages (Python, Perl, or equivalent). 3-5 years of expert-level HTML and CSS experience.

1+ years of JavaScript and jQuery experience.

3+ plus years of work experience building web apps.

Hands-On experience with JavaScript UI frameworks.

Experience using industry-standard version control systems.

ICT help desk analysts provide technical assistance to end users, answer questions or solve computer problems for clients via telephone or electronically. They provide assistance concerning the use of computer hardware and software.

Qualifications

High school graduate, GED, or equivalent

At least 2 years information technology or systems administration experience preferred Knowledge of Operating Systems, System Administration, LAN, managing helpdesk.

Fluency in the local language

Excellent typing skills.

Strong process and application knowledge

Excellent problem solving, verbal communication and customer service skills.

ICT system integration consultants advise on bringing together different systems to interoperate within an organization for enabling data sharing and reducing redundancy.

Qualifications

Bachelor's Degree in computer science, or IT related field MBA and a recognised professional credential relevant to the role is an added advantage.

Minimum of 5 years of experience in the consulting and technology design industries

Minimum of five (5) years relevant experience in application design and integration into service platforms.

Minimum of five (5) years of experience in software and application development and/or working with software developers.

Experience in managing projects involving systems analysis, design, development, and implementation, and/or provide key inputs for the establishment of long-term solutions.

Demonstrable understanding and experience of technology in the built environment including the challenges of systems integration

Excellent interpersonal skills will be needed to develop and maintain effective relationships with clients, Architects, Engineers, Contractors, and other team members

Proven ability to utilize critical thinking and problem-solving skills to work with incomplete information and manage unclear or conflicting requirements

Knowledge of agile project management

ICT network engineers implement, maintain and support computer networks. They also perform network modelling, analysis, and planning. They may also design network and computer security measures. They may research and recommend network and data communications hardware and software.

Qualifications

Bachelor's Degree in Computer Science, Engineering, Information Systems, Information Technology related field.

Postgraduate qualification and/or a recognised professional credential such as CISCO, ITIL, IASAE is an added advantage.

5+ years IT experience with programming languages such as Java, Core java, PostgreSQL, GIT, Linux, Kibana, Elasticsearch, JIRA - Incident management, ReactJS, SpringBoot, Microservices, NodeJS

Knowledge of Web service technologies and standards (protocols, security, Restful APIs, and JSON etc.,)

Solid experience with recommending and introducing new technologies and technical approaches

Demonstrated experience with implementing reporting capabilities, such as SQL Server Reporting or JasperReports

QA testers perform software tests. They may also plan and design them. They may also debug and repair software although this mainly corresponds to designers and developers. They ensure that applications function properly before delivering them to internal and external clients.

Qualifications

Bachelor's Degree in Computer Science, Software Development, or IT related field.

A recognised professional credential such as ISTQB, QA is an added advantage.

5+ years QA testing experience with skills such as developing, documenting, and maintaining detailed test cases, user scenarios and test requirements/artifacts, execute all levels of testing (System, Integration, and Regression) JIRA - Incident management

Proven experience as a Quality Assurance Tester or similar role

Experience in project management and QA methodology

Familiarity with Agile frameworks and regression testing Experience in analyzing the device logs and usage of debugging tools

Experience in using bug tracking and test management

Thorough understanding of game test life cycle

Proactive, positive, and self-driven mentality that thrives in a collaborative team environment

Service integrators perform integration among different databases. They maintain integration and ensure interoperability.

Qualifications

Bachelor's Degree in Computer Science, Engineering, Information Systems, Information Technology related field.

Postgraduate qualification and/or a recognized professional credential such as CISCO, ITIL, IASAE is an added advantage.

5+ years of experience in system administration / deployment / maintenance / integration, build engineering, cloud / SaaS deployment

Good understanding of IT Infrastructure implementation or lifecycle development

Detailed experience in data center build-out and/or systems migration/re-hosting experience

Solid experience on Hardware and Software Environments, heterogeneous systems environments

Software developers implement or program all kinds of software systems based on specifications and designs by using programming languages, tools, and platforms. They Research, design, and develop computer and network software or specialized utility programs. Analyze user needs and develop software solutions, applying principles and techniques of computer science, engineering, and mathematical analysis. Update software or enhance existing software capabilities.

Qualifications

Bachelor's and Master's Degree in Computer Science, Engineering, Information Technology, Mathematics related discipline

Recognized professional credential relevant to the role is an added advantage.

Knowledge of the software development life cycle.

Ability to develop unit testing of code components or complete applications. Creativity is always a plus.

Must be a full-stack developer and understand concepts of software engineering. Experience working on a variety of software development projects.

A Solution Architect creates the technical design and the functional model of a software system, based on functional specifications. They also design the architecture of the system or different modules and components related to the business' or customer requirements, technical platform, computer language or development environment.

Qualifications

Bachelor’s degree in Computer Science, Information Systems, or equivalent education or work experience

Minimum of 5 years of experience related to IT Management or other information technology solutions architecture role

Demonstrated ability to communicate the complexities of technical programs

Proficiency with information technologies in a secure network environment

Expertise with personal computers in a secure network environment and Microsoft applications (Outlook, Word, Excel, Access, PowerPoint and SharePoint) or similar roles

Excellent oral and written communication

Analytical and problem-solving skills

Broad understanding of information technology topics

Effective interpersonal skills and collaborative management style to include teamwork and team building ability

Technically creative and open-minded.

ICT system developers maintain, audit and improve organizational support systems. They use existing or new technologies to meet particular needs. They test both hardware and software system components, diagnose and resolve system faults. May work with computer hardware engineers to integrate hardware and software systems and develop specifications and performance requirements.

Qualifications

Bachelor's and Master's degree in Computer Science, Engineering, Information Technology, Mathematics related discipline

Recognized professional credential relevant to the role is an added advantage.

Minimum of 3 years of professional experience working with .Net 4.0, Objective C, CSS, JavaScript, JSON, jQuery, AJAX, SOA, SEO, HTML5, MVC3, Web APIs and secure coding

Proficiency with HTML/XHTML, CSS, JavaScript and JQuery

Knowledge of WCF, XML, web services and SOA frameworks desired

Proficiency with object-oriented principles and patterns

ICT network engineers implement, maintain and support computer networks. They also perform network modelling, analysis, and planning. They may also design network and computer security measures. They may research and recommend network and data communications hardware and software.

Qualifications

Bachelor's Degree in Computer Science, Engineering, Information Systems, Information Technology related field.

Postgraduate qualification and/or a recognized professional credential such as CISCO, CCNP, CCIE is an added advantage.

5+ years’ experience with product design and requirement analysis is strongly preferred, preferably with enterprise software products

Working knowledge of and experience with Experience with Network Optimization software

Knowledge of cable industry, FCC rules, and NCTA standards

Solid understanding of WAN/LAN inter networking including design elements, protocol interoperability, network architecture development and requirements for testing / proof of concept

Software architects create the technical design and the functional model of a software system, based on functional specifications. They also design the architecture of the system or different modules and components related to the business' or customer requirements, technical platform, computer language or development environment.

Qualifications

Bachelor’s degree in computer science, mathematics, engineering, or information systems; master’s degree a plus

At least 2 years previous experience as a software developer or technical architect

Experience with software network design and implementation

Solid experience on software architecture and design

Solid experience on network design and implementation

Good understanding of data analysis, business principles, and operations

Ability to clearly present technical information to fellow technical professionals as well as non-technical peers

Analytical and problem-solving skills

Technical leads/Software managers oversee the acquisition and development of software systems in order to provide support to all organizational units. They also monitor the results and quality of the different software solutions and projects implemented in the organization.

Qualifications

Bachelor's Degree in Computer Science, Engineering, Information Systems, Information Technology related field.

Postgraduate qualification and/or a recognized professional credential such as AWS, ITIL is an added advantage.

8+ years of technology/solutioning experience.

Preferred experience of deploying and maintaining large integrated platforms / systems

Excellent knowledge on technical development, with proficiencies in relevant technologies (including operating systems, programming languages, database)

Good understanding and solid experience with SDLC and required technical documentation for each phase of the life cycle

Strong experience in different development technologies like Microsoft technologies, Java framework other major techniques and products

Working knowledge of Testing and quality assurance practices including unit testing and code documentation

Experience with databases, web applications, programming languages and frontend technologies

Excellent problem-solving, analytical and time management skills Excellent communication and interpersonal skills

A technical writer takes a user-centered approach to making complicated technical concepts easier to understand for a specialist audience. He/she focuses on specialist content and software documentation, and write for technologists such as developers, technical architects, and technology leaders.

Qualifications

Bachelor's Degree in Information Systems, Information Technology, Computer Science, or other related disciplines.

Postgraduate qualification and/or a recognized professional credential such as CPTC is an added advantage.

6+ years of proven experience in writing technical documentation and procedural materials for multiple audiences

Knowledge of Agile software development methodologies is highly desirable

Experience working with engineering to improve user experience: design, UI, and help refine content and create visuals and diagrams for technical support content

Solid understanding of the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

Proven ability to handle multiple projects simultaneously, with an eye for prioritization

Superior written and verbal communication skills, with a keen eye for detail

Solid grip on documentation publishing software such as Zendesk Guide, Camtasia, SnagIt, and other software

Middle managers ensure appropriate systems and procedures are developed and implemented to provide budgetary control; authorize material, human and financial resources to implement policies and programmes; monitor and evaluate performance of the organization and its staff; select or approve the selection of staff; ensure compliance with health and safety requirements; and represent and negotiate on behalf of the government, enterprise or organizational unit managed in meetings and other forums.

Lower management may provide advice and assistance to managers on strategic matters. They are also responsible for the planning and directing daily operations, supervision of the activities of other workers.

The roles include:

An Administrative Coordinator is a professional who works with top-level executives or in international facilities in various industries. They organize meetings, organize and maintain files, arrange travel, train staff members, communicate in other languages, and manage the day-to-day operations of the office.

Qualifications

BA or Associate degree in Business Management or related field

At least 3 years’ experience in administrative support and (or) business processes.

Has an innovative mindset and us able to build client relationships.

Strong capability to multitask and finish assigned projects before deadlines are due

Proficiency with Microsoft Office, including Word, Excel, Outlook, and PowerPoint, and office technology and equipment, such as printers, copiers, scanners, and computers.

Have excellent interpersonal, communication and presentation skills.

Business analysts research and understand the strategic position of businesses and companies in relation to their markets and their stakeholders. They analyse and present their views on how the company, from many perspectives, can improve its strategic position and internal corporate structure. They assess needs for change, communication methods, technology, IT tools, new standards and certifications.

Qualifications

University degree in the field of Business Administration, Finance, Intelligence, or Information Systems or related field

Master’s degree or MBA and a recognized professional credential is a plus

At least three years related proven experience with business and technical requirements analysis, elicitation, modeling, verification, and methodology development

Demonstrated project management skills and project management software skills, including planning, organizing, and managing resources

Working knowledge of Windows office systems Excellent understanding of the organization’s goals and objectives

Able to exercise independent judgment and take action on it

Excellent analytical, mathematical, and creative problem-solving skills

Excellent listening, interpersonal, written, and oral communication skills

Logical and efficient, with keen attention to detail

Strong user centered orientation

Experience working in a team-oriented, collaborative environment

Business intelligence analysts gain knowledge of the industry, the innovative processes therein, and contrast them with the operations of the company in order to improve them. They focus their analysis in the supply chain processes, warehouses, storage, and sales as to facilitate communication and revenue improvement.

Qualifications

BS/MS degree in an analytical or data driven field

A minimum of 2 years analytics experience

Experience with business intelligence reporting tools, such as Looker, Microsoft Power BI, SQL Server Reporting Services, Tableau, Sisense, SAP Crystal Reports, IBM Cognos, Qlik, etc.

Exceptional SQL skills, strong knowledge of relational databases, and the ability to build and maintain database views

Ability to perform complex quantitative analysis and translate results into meaningful business insights

Have demonstrated verbal and written communication skills.

Activism officers promote or hinder social, political, economic or environmental change by using different tactics such as persuasive research, media pressure or public campaigning.

Qualifications

Bachelor's degree or higher in the Public Administration, Political Science, Social Sciences, or another field related to Change Management and governance systems.

Minimum of 3 years’ experience working with civil society advocacy organizations and networks, capacity building, and governance issues.

Demonstrated technical expertise providing or strengthening service delivery

Demonstrated capacity to lead the collection, analysis, and utilization of data and information from a broad range of sources to ensure effective integration of inclusivity concerns in project programming.

Demonstrated ability to design and/or implement programs that engage and mobilize women, youth, and/or other marginalized groups.

Demonstrated skills in problem-solving and consensus-building.

Fluency in English and at least one other local language

Have good communication and interpersonal skills.

Communication managers are responsible for developing communication strategies in order to promote the organization's mission, services or product. They coordinate communication projects and manage the communications issued by the company for both the internal and the external clients. They supervise internal communications, ensuring that communications reach each one of the employees and further questions can be answered. For external communications, they coordinate coherence among the messages transmitted in mails, printed materials, press articles, and corporate promotional materials. They strive to maintain truthful communications.

Qualifications

University Degree in Communications, Journalism, Marketing, Public Relations, or related field

Master’s degree and/or relevant certification is an added advantage

5+ years’ of progressively responsible, professional experience in government relations, legislative analysis, or communications.

Demonstrated experience in developing and implementing integrated communication strategies to drive organizational change and achieve measurable results based on business objectives

High level of judgment in communications with experience leading PR/Communications campaigns, creating and executing on PR strategy

Openness to and experience working within the digital space

Strong knowledge of public affairs, and communications principles, practices, and techniques.

Ability to prepare a variety of written communications such as reports, testimony, and factsheets

Outstanding written and verbal communication skills.

Must be able to multitask and work well under pressure.

Excellent organizational and leadership abilities

Data protection officers ensure that the processing of personal data in an organization is compliant with data protection standards and with the obligations set out in the applicable legislation such as GDPR. They elaborate and implement the organization policy related to data protection, are responsible for data protection impact assessments and handle complaints and requests from third parties and regulatory agencies. Data protection officers lead investigations into potential data breaches, conduct internal audits and act as point of contact within the organization on any matters related to the processing of personal data. Data protection officers may develop training programmes and provide training to other employees on data protection procedures.

Qualifications

Bachelor’s degree in Law or a related field.

Minimum of three years’ experience working in data protection and legal compliance.

Solid knowledge and in-depth understanding of national data protection laws.

Knowledge of data processing operations and computer security systems.

Experience within a legal, audit and/or risk function department is a plus.

Ethical, with the ability to remain impartial and report all noncompliance Strong project management skills

Ability to manage sensitive and confidential information

Excellent verbal and written communication skills, with strong attention to detail

Great interpersonal skills and ability to work well both independently and as part of a team

Digital marketing managers are responsible for the elaboration of the company's digital marketing strategy with the goal of improving brand recognition and brand awareness, in line with the company's mission and vision. They oversee the execution of digital marketing and communication strategies involving the use of social media, email marketing, marketing automation, search engine optimization, online events and online advertisement through data driven methodologies and by measuring and monitoring digital marketing KPIs in order to promptly implement corrective action plan. They manage and interpret competitors and consumers' data and conduct research on market conditions.

Qualifications

University Degree in Business Administration, Marketing or related field

Master’s degree or CPA/CMA certification is an added advantage

5+ years managerial experience in creating, leading and managing informative, engaging and motivational digital campaigns

Proven experience executing social media campaigns on different digital platforms

Demonstrated proficiency in using website analytics tools, and serving tools and marketing software

Basic programming skills in HTML, CSS, and JavaScript

Understanding of landing pages optimisation, user funnels and A/B testing, combined with the ability to identify, attract and engage target audiences

Up-to-date knowledge of digital marketing trends and developments

Ability to use SEO, SEM and marketing databases for promotional purposes

Knowledge of video and picture editing software such as Adobe, Canva etc

Excellent analytical thinking and problem-solving abilities, and communication abilities

Incredible attention to detail and ability to multitask and manage multiple projects

Financial managers handle all the matters in reference to the finance and investments of a company. They manage financial operations of companies such as the assets, liabilities, equity and cash flow aiming to maintain the financial health of the company and operative viability. Financial managers evaluate the strategic plans of the company in financial terms, maintain transparent financial operations for taxation and auditing bodies, and create the financial statements of the company at the end of the fiscal year.

Qualifications

BA or BS in Economics, Finance, Accounting, Economics, or related field

Master’s degree or CPA/CMA certification is an added advantage

5+ years managerial experience Advanced accounting knowledge and skills

Proven experience on financial consolidation software experience such as (Hyperion, Adaptive, etc.) preferred

Ability to use a range of computer applications excellent use of Excel and any other package used in analysis

Effective verbal and written communication skills, able to effectively interact with various levels of the organization

Strong communication and presentation skills Strong analytical skills

Grants administrators handle the pass-through track of grants, often given out by the government [or donor] to the grant recipient. They prepare the paperwork such as the grant applications and give out the grants. They are also responsible to make sure that the grant recipient spends the money correctly according to the terms laid out.

Qualifications

University degree in Education, Accounting, Administration, Business, Public Policy, Business/Administration, Finance, Management, or another relevant social sciences field.

3+ years’ demonstrated experience in non-profit or philanthropy, and/or public policy arena

Hands on professional experience with administration of grant awards, contract management rules and regulations and proposal requirements in an international development setting

Solid knowledge of with grants management software and information technology skills

Experience with designing and implementing effective workflow processes and procedures

Experience drafting, reviewing, and negotiating sub-awards and cooperative agreements, contracts and approvals.

Strong interpersonal and communication skills with a focus on customer service

Fundraising managers are responsible for raising money on behalf of organizations, often non-profit such as charities. Moreover, they manage the fundraised resources developing programs for its use. They perform a variety of tasks to raise money such as developing corporate partnerships, coordinating direct mail campaigns, organizing fundraisers, contacting donators or sponsors, and sourcing grant income from trusts, foundations and other statutory bodies.

Qualifications

University degree in Marketing / Business Administration or another relevant social sciences field.

3+ years’ proven experience in a non-profit setting focusing on donor engagement and stewardship, and/or front-line fundraising

Good working knowledge in English and the local language is required.

Strong written and verbal communication and presentation skills

Good judgment in maintaining confidentiality of donor information

Strong digital literacy, including strong proficiency in Microsoft office

ICT operations managers coordinate ICT services and infrastructure ensuring that the organization has the required infrastructural resources. They also plan and monitor stages of either a business process or a computer process, negotiate contracts and take mitigation action in case of non-fulfilment of agreements. They oversee the day-to-day tasks involving infrastructure components, ICT systems and software.

Qualifications and Skills

The qualifications and skills for this profile have been developed based on McKinsey job profile

Bachelor’s degree in computer science, computer or software engineering, information systems or related role.

MBA and/or postgraduate qualification in a related IT field.

Extensive experience in a related senior ICT management role typically in the region of ten years’ experience in a similar discipline

Experience of working in a customer focused environment operating under a formal ICT Service Management structure such as ITIL.

Significant experience in the development and implementation of processes related to ICT Technical Operations.

Ability to think strategically to plan complex service delivery in a demanding and changing environment.

Experience of managing budgets and delivering savings against those budgets.

Significant experience in the management of ICT supplier contracts with a track record of building effective working relationships with suppliers.

A deep and extensive technical knowledge of the technologies and ICT systems used in large organizations.

Ability to formulate technical reports using information for performance monitoring and develop process documentation and diagrams to support new and existing ICT services.

Ability to apply a mature and rational approach to complex issues and problem solving, including conflict resolution.

Ability to work at a high level in a large organization, acting as an ambassador for the ICT Service

ICT project managers schedule, control and direct the resources, people, funding and facilities to achieve the objectives of ICT projects. They establish budgets and timelines, perform risk analysis and quality management, and complete project closure reports.

Qualifications

Bachelor’s degree in IT, Software Development, Engineering, Economics, Project Management or other relevant field or related area of study.

Postgraduate qualification and/or certification in PMI/PMP/ITIL/PRINCE or related is an added advantage.

Highly desirable to have Scrum Master/Agile certification

5+ years of professional experience as Project Manager in consultancy/system integrator companies or multinational companies

Minimum of 2 years’ experience in team management or as a Program or Delivery Manager

Experience of successful supplier management in a commercial environment, including running competitive tenders and supplier selection.

Solid experience of budgetary responsibility and tracking spend across the life of a project, and managing major change and continuous improvement activities.

Demonstrated experience of working in a political environment and managing positive relationships with Elected Members and a range of stakeholders such as sponsors, team members and peers.

Experience with project management and Agile tools (e.g., MS Project, Jira, Confluence, etc.)

Good understanding of current procurement best practices in the public sector, and technical solutions being delivered such as IT networks, operating systems and hardware is desirable.

Strong leadership, diplomatic and motivational skills including the ability to lead up, across and down multiple business and technology organizations.

Ability to build and maintain relationships by engaging stakeholders to establish credibility, solve problems, build consensus and achieve objectives.

Excellent leadership, communication (written, verbal and presentation) and interpersonal skills.

Knowledge & Content Development Officer/managers are responsible for systems that provide information to people. They assure access to the information in different work environments (public or private) based on theoretical principles and hands-on capabilities in storing, retrieving and communicating information.

Qualifications

Bachelor’s Degree in Communications, Journalism, English or related field

3+ years’ of professional experience

Exceptional writing and editorial skills

Strength in storytelling for interactive marketing purposes

Strong project management skills

Experience in working with WordPress, Microsoft Office, and social media sites and platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn Energetic self-starter driven to achieve (and exceed) tangible goals with excellence and urgency

Excellent communication skills, including the ability to communicate clearly, concisely, and persuasively in multiple forms (e-mail, phone, face to face)

Outstanding organizational skills, superb attention to detail, and the ability to manage multiple relationships and projects concurrently

Legal affairs policy officers research, analyze and develop policies related to the legal sector and implement these policies to improve the existing regulation around the sector. They work closely with partners, external organizations or other stakeholders and provide them with regular updates.

Qualifications

B.A Political Science/ International Relations/ Law

Master’s Degree in Law preferably in Public Policy or Government Law.

At least 5 years’ experience in government policy implementation, and or working with regulatory agencies.

Must be registered with the country Bar Association.

Expertise in Legal Case Management, Public Policy, Policy Analysis, Legal research, Government, and Legislation

Has experience in the development of government guidelines, procedures, and policies.

Experience of conducting legal research and identifying possible legal risks Have relevant skills in ICT, preferably using Microsoft Office.

Have strong communication and analytical and logical reasoning skills

Monitoring and evaluation officers are responsible for the conceptualization, design, implementation and follow-up of the monitoring and evaluation activities of projects, programmes, policies, strategies, institutions or processes, along the relevant programming cycle. They develop monitoring, inspection and evaluation methods and instruments needed to collect and analyze data, and report on results by applying structured M&E frameworks, theories, approaches and methodologies. M&E officers inform decision-making through reporting, learning products or activities and knowledge management. They can also engage in capacity development activities by providing training and capacity building support within their organizations or for clients and partners.

Qualifications

Bachelor's Degree preferably in Statistics, Economics, Development Studies, Social Sciences or Computer Science, or related field

Postgraduate qualification and/or certification is an added advantage.

At least 5 years’ experience in the design and implementation of M&E/MIS in development projects implemented by national/international NGOs/UN bodies/ Government

Have experience in designing tools and strategies for data collection, analysis and production of reports

Experience of designing studies and research, outsourcing the same and monitoring the outcomes

Have relevant skills in ICT, preferably using database software

Have expertise in analyzing data using statistical software (e.g., SPSS)

Have strong training & facilitation skills.

A performance analyst conducts analysis. They develop performance measurement frameworks - Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), goals, user needs and benefits - and analyse the performance of a service or product against these, adapting the approach and framework appropriately and in line with any changes.

Qualifications

Bachelor’s degree in Advertising, Marketing, Business, Statistics, or Economics- or related area of study.

Postgraduate qualification and/or certification is an added advantage.

Solid background and technical understanding of business metric performance and target setting

Ability to work with and analyze large volumes of data, apply statistical tools and models, as well as undertake research to detect trends and isolate essential relevant information for sound decision making

Working knowledge of performance metric analysis or AMEX Performance Management Process

Excellent organization skills to handle multiple tasks in a fast-paced environment, as well as within tight deadlines

Excellent research skills to undertake research and collect data to identify future trends based on past performance.

Great writing and verbal communication skills to effectively and convey information and develop presentations for multiple levels of the organization

Excellent rapport building skills to establish and maintain strong working relationships across functional and reporting levels

Procurement managers ensure that the organization's policy goals are transformed into concrete actions and support their teams to achieve the best results for their clients and the public. They oversee the public procurement professionals in the organization to deliver on their objectives.

Qualifications

Bachelor's Degree in Supply Chain Management, Business Administration, or related field

Postgraduate qualification and/or a recognised professional credential relevant to the role such as IACCM/CIPS is an added advantage.

4+ years of experience in technology sector would be a distinct advantage

An understanding of intellectual property concepts (licensing, IP ownership, derivatives, and copyright) general contracting terms, escrow concepts, and the System Development Life Cycle

An understanding of the software technologies available in the marketplace and associated licensors

An understanding of cloud computing service models and trends

Well versed in negotiating contractual terms including (but not limited to) pricing, payment terms, indemnification, and service level agreements

Proven experience creating proposals and evaluating vendors.

Project managers oversee the project on a daily basis and are responsible for delivering high-quality results within the identified objectives and constraints, ensuring the effective use of the allocated resources. They are responsible for risk and issue management, project communication and stakeholder management. Project managers perform the activities of planning, organizing, securing, monitoring and managing the resources and work necessary to deliver specific project goals and objectives in an effective and efficient way.

Qualifications

Bachelor’s degree in Project Management, Business Management, or related area of study.

Postgraduate qualification and PMI or PMP certification or similar is an added advantage.

5+ years’ experience as a Project Manager or similar position responsible for defining and managing project scope, timelines, profitability, and effective delivery of products or services.

Knowledge and experience of with different project management frameworks, including waterfall and agile.

Solid technical understanding and ability to define and refine requirements through a project lifecycle.

Excellent project management skills including prioritization, scheduling, and documentation.

Experience in managing delivery of customer-facing and internally facing products or services.

Intermediate to advanced proficiency with industry-standard word processing, spreadsheet, and presentation software programs.

Project support officers provide different types of services for the successful execution of a project as part of a horizontal project management office. They offer administrative support, assistance and training to project managers and other staff members, manage the project’s documentation and assist the project manager with project scheduling, resource planning, coordination and reporting. Project support officers are responsible for quality assurance activities and for monitoring the adherence to methodology guidelines and other organizational standards. They also offer advice on project management tools and related administrative services.

Qualifications

Bachelor's Degree in Business Administration, Social Sciences, or related field.

3+ years of relevant experience in administrative and office support work

Demonstrated knowledge and experience in project information gathering tools & project activity manuals throughout a project lifecycle.

Ability to take the lead in documentation and sharing of impact/success stories and best practices to promote project implementation.

Solid experience creating and maintaining documentation (multi-lingual) for government programs.

Excellent skills with SharePoint and Microsoft Office tools

Ability to write clearly in a user-friendly manner.

Quality services managers manage the quality of services in business organizations. They ensure the quality of in-house company operations such as customer requirements and service quality standards. Quality services managers monitor the company's performance and implement changes where necessary.

Qualifications

Degree in Social Science/Business Management or any other discipline with at least 3 years of experience in relevant roles/fields other relevant fields.

Postgraduate qualification and/or a recognized professional credential relevant to the role is an added advantage.

At least 5 years of experience in customer service and/or operationalizing system improvement for Quality Service functions

Working Experience in applied Design Thinking.

Working knowledge of business and user journey mapping in government service delivery.

Working experience in analyzing and redesigning customer centric KPIs that will improve service delivery.

Experience in developing, implementing, and evaluating digital solutions.

Possess strong interpersonal and analytical skills

Proficient in Data Visualization Tools such as PowerBI or Qliksense

Service managers are responsible for the supervision and coordination of the provision of different professional and technical services to customers. They ensure a smooth interaction with clients and high levels of satisfaction post-service. This occupation includes the provision of policing, correctional, library, legal and fire services.

Qualifications

A Bachelor's degree or college diploma in social sciences related to the role.

At least 1 year experience in the public sector, in a position involving the provision of a variety of services in an informational, public relations or problem-solving role is preferred.

Knowledge of the mandates, vision, missions, organizational structures, and service standards of the relevant department.

Knowledge of government services (including content, intent, and relationship to other programs and services), delivery techniques (including timing, method, eligibility), and reporting requirements.

Ability to interpret and explain programs, policies and procedures.

Strong communication (verbal and written) and interpersonal skills, with particular attention to excellent customer service.

Proficient computer skills, including familiarity with Microsoft Word, Excel, and Internet browsers.

Ability to speak the local language.

Ability to deal with all members of the public in a fair and equitable manner.

Analytical skills, including the ability to research information, interpret information, and clearly explain information to others, while maintaining confidentiality.

Service Managers are managers are in charge of defining the content and structure of a catalogue or portfolio within a company. The shared service manager may be responsible for managing catalogues of reusable software components that are used by other internal and external entities and managing service level agreements.

Qualifications

A Bachelor's degree in Business Administration, or relevant tertiary level qualification(s) appropriate to the role.

Postgraduate qualification and/or a recognized professional credential relevant to the role is an added advantage.

15+ years’ management experience at least 5 years of which is in a senior leadership capacity.

Proven experience in leading an operational transformation program and high-performance service and culture change

Proven experience of managing and leading the provision of a support service in a large organization

Proven experience in creating strategic plans aligned with high-level organizational goals; and leading the achievement of strategic goals and objectives through the delivery of high-quality customer focused services.

Excellent leadership, communication, sales, and customer service skills.

Computer literacy and good organizational skills.

Strong creative thinking and problem-solving skills.

Training and development specialists coordinate all the training activities and development programmes in the government. They also design and develop new training modules and supervise all the activities related to the planning and delivery of these programmes. They may also analyze organizational training needs or evaluate training effectiveness.

Qualifications

Bachelor's Degree in Education or Social Sciences related field.

Postgraduate qualification and/or a recognized professional credential is an added advantage.

5+ years' experience in building the capacity of governmental personnel to influence change.

Significant experience in delivering or supporting the learning & development / capacity building of project managers

Significant experience in the design and delivery of a range of learning interventions, including face to face and technology enabled learning

Excellent skills in developing manuals, guidance and tools that are accessible and user-friendly.

Excellent project management and organizational skills gained through managing complex cross-organizational projects and training events

Excellent planning, management, and coordination skills, with the ability to organize a workload comprised of varying and changing tasks and responsibilities.

Excellent interpersonal skills and the ability to communicate clearly and effectively at all levels and across cultures

Demonstrated ability to build strong working relationships at a distance, with culturally diverse stakeholders and colleagues around the world

Excellent problem-solving skills, and ability to identify and implement solutions.

Experience or demonstrated interest in innovative platforms and mechanisms in Learning & Development.

Experience or demonstrated interest in experimenting and learning with new technologies and adult education, skills and competency development within global organizations.

Trainers conduct training-needs analysis and design programs to train, coach, and guide learners in order to improve their skills, competences and knowledge accordingly. They create and update existing training materials (content and method), deliver effective training in classroom, online or informally, monitor, evaluate and report effectiveness of training.

Other roles related to trainers include:

Education policy officers research, analyze and develop education policies, and implement these policies to improve the existing education system. They try to improve all aspects of education which will impact institutions such as schools, universities and vocational schools. They work closely with partners, external organizations or other stakeholders and provide them with regular updates.

Qualifications

A Bachelor’s degree in Education, Social Work, Communications, Law, Political Science, Public Policy, or related field

Postgraduate qualification relevant to the role is an added advantage.

At least 5 years working in customer service or public sector administration

Knowledge of the working country’s Education Policy and awareness of need for compliance with the country’s Standards

Demonstrated ability to undertake analysis and modelling of policy issues using a variety of techniques and tools such as impact modelling to inform development and recommendation of policy solutions

Ability to apply sector and subject knowledge to identify emerging issues and risks, including their implications for education policy direction.

Working knowledge on how to review existing policy and develop new policy to align with Government priorities

Ability to engage and collaborate with a range of policy stakeholders

Strong analytical, strategic thinking and problem-solving skills.

Ability to communicate in the local working language.

Educational researcher perform research in the area of education. They strive to broaden the knowledge on how education processes, educational systems, and individuals (teachers and learners) work. They foresee areas of improvement and develop plans for the implementation of innovations. They advise legislators and policy makers on educational issues and assist in the planning of educational policies.

Qualifications

Masters / PhD in Public Policy / Education/ International Development / or related field.

Minimum of 3-4 years of working experience in the areas of Public Policy / Education/ International Development / or related field.

Prior experience with Stata, R, or other statistical analysis is an added advantage

Expertise and experience in engaging with policy makers in the education sector

Expertise in producing and effectively disseminating evidence and research-based knowledge products including policy briefs, short videos and other multi-media content.

Strong experience in educational policy and research, and analysis of education trends and outcomes at country, regional and global levels

Flexible approach to exploring evidence in emerging areas of policy and practice.

Exceptional writing and verbal skills in English; high proficiency in knowledge management, communication, and policy engagement tools.

A track record of self-direction and an ability to work independently while juggling multiple projects and responsibilities, as well as a collaborative approach with an emphasis on teamwork for results

Strong organizational skills and attention to detail.

University teaching assistants are graduate students or recent graduates employed on a temporary contract at a university or a college for teaching-related responsibilities. They assist the professor, lecturer or teacher of the specific course they are in charge of in the preparation of lectures and of exams, grading papers and exams and leading review and feedback sessions for the students.

Qualifications

A Master's degree or equivalent in the relevant field is required.

Related work experience in the field of application is highly desirable

Strong literature acquisition ability, English literature reading ability and good at studying and thinking.

Good communication skills.

Ability to work both independently and in a team.

A high level of motivation and enjoyment in scientific work.

Besides technical knowledge and experience the applicant should be curious, have a problem-solving attitude and have a tendency to take the initiative

Policy officers research, analyze and develop policies in various public sectors, and shape and implement these policies to improve the existing regulation around the sector. They evaluate effects of existing policies and report findings to the government and members of the public. Policy officers work closely with partners, external organizations or other stakeholders and provide them with regular updates.

Qualifications

A Bachelor’s degree in Communications, Law, Political Science, Public Policy, or related field Postgraduate qualification relevant to the role is an added advantage.

At least 5 years working experience in a related field

Hands on experience on advocacy and public policy development pertaining to information technology-related (IT) issues on matters digital transformation.

Ability to maintain highest personal levels of ethical conduct, confidentiality and integrity.

Strong analytical, strategic thinking and problem-solving skills.

An agile coach helps individuals, teams, and entire enterprises embrace a culture shift based on proven human-centric agile principles, practices, and values. This culture shift helps people and organizations continue to thrive in the ever-changing world of work.

Qualifications

Bachelor’s degree in computer science or related field MBA/Relevant and a PMP or Project Management Certifications is a plus

Minimum of 5 years of agile IT project management experience implementing IT / ERP Systems in large government deployments

Strong understanding of Scrum and Kanban

Extensive understanding of operational management, finance and accounting systems Experience with product ownership, product lifecycle and user focus design and research.

Proficiency in managing cross-functional teams

Result-orientated mindset

Strong communication skills

Excellent attention to detail

Content designers make things easier for people to understand and use. This can involve working on a single piece of content or on the end-to-end journey of a service to help users complete their goal and government deliver a policy intent. This role may involve the creation of, or change to, a transaction, product or single piece of content that stretches across digital and offline channels.

Qualifications

Bachelor’s degree in Design, Journalism, English, Communications, Education, Graphic Design, Communication, Technical, Marketing, Human-Computer Interaction

Master's in Human Factors, HCDE, or Cognitive Psychology a plus

3+ years of experience as a user experience designer, interaction designer, or content design role,

An expert grasp of the principles of writing for different digital channels, platforms and a wide range of users. Experience of user-centred design for digital products and services – including different approaches to content and how best to use them.

A good understanding of different content formats (for example, multimedia and images) and how these can dovetail with written content to provide a seamless user experience.

A good understanding of different content formats (for example, multimedia and images) and how these can dovetail with written content to provide a seamless user experience.

Solid understanding of design thinking, and other user centred design practices

Experience working in an Agile environment.

Ability to think, act and communicate strategically in such a way as to stimulate conversation and collaboration, influence and lead thinking as appropriate.

Excellent organisational, communication and management skills with the ability to manage competing priorities, work to tight deadlines and deliver a high-quality service

A design lead drives multiple and highly complex services coordinating with product managers, service and content designers among others to develop design concepts, set direction and assure the quality of service design and delivery.

Qualifications

Postgraduate qualification and/or a recognized professional credential relevant to service design.

5+ years of experience of applying strategic thinking and agile methodologies in digital projects or in government.

Solid experience building successful teams that contribute to the work of the community, Ability to communicate complex and technical information in a simple and accessible language effectively across organizational, technical, and political boundaries, understanding the context.

Excellent understanding of the digital economy, and its relationship to changing user behaviour and the government landscape.

Ability to apply technical knowledge and experience to create or design workable prototypes, both programs and physical outputs.

Ability to prototype in code, understand the limitations of internet technology, and why code is important.

Demonstrated knowledge of translating user stories and proposing design approaches or services to meet user needs.

Ability to work with constraints and ensure compliance with constraints by adapting products and services where necessary.

A product owner represents the needs of the stakeholder community, the voice of the community to the agile team. They understand customer requirements and validates that the developed software solution meets requirements. They are also the link between business and agile teams.

Qualifications and Skills

A product manager is responsible for the quality of their products. They use their knowledge of user needs and business goals to frame problems and set priorities for your delivery teams.

Qualifications

Bachelor’s degree in Business, Engineering, or a field tied to the product’s sector (tech, finance, etc.) required, MBA or Master’s degree in a relevant field

Product Management Certification such as CPM or NPD is a plus.

At least 3 years project management or related work experience.

Experience drafting Product and Market Requirements Documents Familiarity with Agile work management and workflow management tools and the ability to effectively communicate complex processes within and across teams

Proven track record of managing all aspects of a successful product throughout its lifecycle.

Proven ability to develop product and marketing strategies and effectively communicate recommendations to executive management.

Solid technical background with understanding and/or hands-on experience in software development and web technologies.

Strong analytical and problem-solving skills. Excellent written and verbal communication skills

Service designers design the end-to-end journey of a service. This involves the creation of, or change to, transactions, products and content across both digital and offline channels provided by different parts of government.

Qualifications

Bachelor's Degree in Service Design, Business, Technical, Engineering, or technical related field.

Postgraduate qualification and/or a recognized professional credential relevant to the role is an added advantage.

10+ years of experience of applying strategic thinking and agile methodologies in digital projects or in government.

Solid experience building successful teams that contribute to the work of the service design community, ability to communicate complex and technical information in a simple and accessible language effectively across organizational, technical, and political boundaries, understanding the context.

Excellent understanding of the digital economy, and its relationship to changing user behaviour and the government landscape.

Ability to apply technical knowledge and experience to create or design workable prototypes, both programs and physical outputs.

Ability to prototype in code, understand the limitations of internet technology, and why code is important.

Demonstrated knowledge of translating user stories and proposing design approaches or services to meet user needs.

Ability to work with constraints and ensure compliance with constraints by adapting products and services where necessary.

A service owner is accountable for the quality of their service. They adopt a portfolio view, managing end-to-end services that include multiple products and channels

Qualifications

Bachelor’s degree in BA, computer science, information technology or related role.

MBA and/or postgraduate qualification in a related IT field.

3+ years of related IT work experience required, especially in applying strategic thinking to provide the best service for the end user.

Ability to coach and lead teams in Agile and Lean practices, determining the right approach for the team to take and evaluating this through the life of a project

Strong written and oral communication skills and the ability to interact with senior management and engineers, develop good client relationships

Knowledge of the agile business cases, and ability to own and iterate it throughout the lifecycle while developing benefits with others within the portfolio.

Excellent knowledge of industry best practice and cascades ways of working

Be familiar with the Security aspects of multi-platforms environment (work in collaboration with technical, Security, Compliance teams)

Service Management using IT Service Management/ITIL approach

User researchers plan, design and carry out research activities with users that help teams get a deep understanding of the people that use government services. This research informs policy, proposition, service, content and interaction design so that services work well for users and achieve policy intent.

Qualifications

Bachelor's degree in Innovation Management, Business Administration, Marketing, Consumer Analytics, or related field

At least 4 years of experience in UX, CX, service design, product design, preferably in the public sector

Solid experience conducting user research, from the planning stage through execution and translation into actionable insights, through research, data analytics, and innovation

Strong understanding of human-centered design strategies, methods, and approaches, and how to apply them

Excellent judgment and creative problem-solving skills with a proactive mindset

Ability to take initiative and display a 'growth mindset'

Ability to communicate customer journey touchpoints and the best methods for measuring them, using layman's terms

Strong consultation and collaboration skills; comfortable facilitating meetings and workshops with cross-functional project teams

Ability to create and present compelling and professional materials

An UX/UI or interaction designer works out the best way to let users interact with services, in terms of both overall flow and at the level of individual design elements.

Qualifications

Bachelor’s degree in Design, Human-computer interaction (HCI), or 5+ years equivalent professional experience

Master’s in Human Factors, HCDE, or Cognitive Psychology a plus

3+ years of experience as a user experience designer, interaction designer, information architect, or similar role

Demonstrated experience creating great user-centered design solutions

Hands on experience designing products for mobile and desktop

Hands on experience with a variety of design and prototyping tools such as Illustrator, Sketch, Hype, Axure, and Keynote

Fluency in best practices for web-based information architecture and design

Strong knowledge of usability principles and techniques

Excellent communication, presentation, and storytelling skills

End users

End users are the private citizens who use the government services, and the government employees who are in charge of providing the services.

In India, the Department of Administrative Reforms & Public Grievances (DARPG) under the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions has set-up an “E-Governance Division” that coordinates and supports the implementation of National eGovernance Plan (NeGP) and Digital India programs owned by Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY).

The division has conceptualized “Capacity Building through Master eGovernance Training Plan (MeTP)” for the years 2013-15. MeTP intends to build the capacity of central government employees for implementing e-Governance projects.

The core areas targeted to be addressed as part of training needs in MeTP are as follows

Type-1 : Basic ICT Skills for Office work (office productivity applications, internet, email etc.)

Type-2: eGovernance related knowledge and skills (These include topics such as eGovernance life cycle, Government Process Reengineering, Business Models, Public Private Partnerships, Regulatory Frameworks, Information Technology Act, Contract Management, Detailed Project Report (DPR), Request for Proposal (RFP), and Change Management.)

Type-3: Domain/Sector/Mission Mode Project specific (for example, Agriculture, Banking)

Type-4: Soft skills (Team building, Leadership, effective presentation & communication etc.)

Type-5: Specialized professional skills (Project Management, IT Security, IT Audit etc.)

The primary objectives of the training are as follows

• Equip the average government employee with the skills required to use the evolving systems and processes.

• Aid policy makers in prioritizing eGovernance reform and connecting the dots between various aspects of eGovernance.

• Support Project Managers by imparting training on modern project and change management techniques and tools.

• Facilitate transformation in government departments by equipping select teams with skills in process re-engineering and enterprise architecture.

The delivery models included are:

Seminar/workshop, Instructor Led Training (ILT), Virtual Classroom (VC), e-Learning, Blended mode of learning.

Subsequently, the National eGovernance Division (NeGD) under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), has extensively conducted a research with various key stakeholders and has developed “eGovernance Competency Framework (eGCF) for Digital India with Implementation Toolkit” in the year 2014. This is a crucial document for conducting all the eGovernance Capacity Building initiatives for the civil servants of federal/state/union territory ministries/departments in India.

Singapore is committed to becoming a world leader in digitalization. Capitalizing on the huge potential opened up by technology, Singapore is putting forward an overarching Smart Nation vision that is based on three pillars: Digital Government, Digital Economy, and Digital Society. Taken together, these three pillars are responsible for effecting significant shits across all sectors and policy areas.

Capacity Building in Singapore

Singapore observes that there are three ways to address the capacity building needs of citizens, civil servants and leaders and professionals, whose details are listed described below.

The Ministry of Communications and Information (MCI), Government of Singapore has a set of portfolios to drive the digital transformation. One such is “Digital Readiness” with four strategic outcomes (a) Digital access (b) Digital Literacy (c) Digital participation and (d) Digital inclusion by design. In regard to “Digital Literacy”, the “Digital Readiness (MCI n.d.)" blueprint recommends the following.

• Identify a set of basic digital skills for everyday activities to spur the take-up of digital technology, especially among the less digitally savvy.

• Strengthen focus on information and media literacy, to build resilience in an era of online falsehoods.

• Ensure that our children and youth grow up to form meaningful relationships with people around them and use technology to benefit their communities.

B. Civil Servants

The Digital Government Blueprint recommends raising digital capabilities to pursue innovation so that the government is able to “think fast, start small and act fast” to seize new opportunities. The Government has been deepening its technical capabilities through a Centre of Excellence (or CentEx) for ICT and Smart Systems, where specialist engineering expertise will be grown to support the WOG. The CentEx will house capability centers such as Data Science and AI, ICT Infrastructure, Application Development, Sensors and IoT, Cybersecurity, and Geospatial. The CentEx may expand into new technology capability areas as the need arises – for example, in robotics, VR/AR, digital twins or blockchain.

The CentEx will support the development of ICT skills and leadership for WOG through:

• Building an in-house reserve of deep technical skills in areas where internal capabilities are needed to deal with highly complex issues on short notice.

• Raising capabilities of ICT practitioners and leaders across the WOG; and

• Equipping public officers with relevant broad-based ICT skills (e.g. basic awareness of data analytics).

C. Leaders and officials

In Singapore, the Institute of Systems Science at National University of Singapore (NUS-ISS) plays a pivotal role in building the capacities of digital leaders and professionals. NUS-ISS has been appointed as The Digital Academy (TDA) operations partner, established by The Government Technology Agency (GovTech Singapore) for Whole Of Government (WOG). As Operations Partner of The Digital Academy, NUS-ISS is partnering GovTech in developing training roadmaps and managing the enrolment, logistics, publicity and training processes.

The NUS-ISS offers a wide range of programs to build the capacities. They are broadly categorized as follows.

1. Executive Education: AI, Cyber Security, Data Science, Digital Agility, Digital Innovation & Design, Digital Strategy and Leadership, Digital products and platforms, Smart Health leadership, Software systems, Stackup-Startup Tech Talent Development

2. Graduate Programs: Systems Analysis, Enterprise Business Analytics, Digital Leadership, Intelligent Systems, Software engineering

3. eGovernment Leadership Center: Digital Government Transformation, Smart Nation, Public Sector Innovation, Citizen engagement

Communities of practice (Australia Government n.d.) are groups of people working in the same field in government. They bring those people together to share ideas, show their work, solve problems and explore best practice. These include:

• Agile & Lean Community - The Agile & Lean Community is an open group for anyone interested in agile, lean, lean start-up, DevOps and more!

• Content Community of Practice - The Content Community of Practice is a place for government content specialists, practitioners and leaders to share ideas, solve problems, connect to peers and work in the open.

• Cross-Discipline Community of Practice - The Cross-Discipline Community of Practice is open to everyone. It’s a place for all people working in government, educational institutions and industry practitioners, leaders, or people interested in design for government to share ideas, solve problems, connect to peers and work in the open.

• Cyber Security - The Cyber Security community is for Digital Profession members interested in Cyber Security.

• Visual Scribe (Graphic facilitation) - The Visual Scribe community is here for Digital profession members interested in visual scribing and storytelling.

• Government Architecture community - This community is for government employees interested in government architecture. A shared understanding of government architecture and capabilities will improve collaboration and cross-disciplinary design, resulting in better government services. Join the Government Architecture community.

• Life event communities (GovX) - The GovX life event communities bring people and organizations together to explore more ways to collaborate, design and prioritize delivery efforts based on the life events of people and their experience.

• Research and Design Community of Practice - The Design and Research Community of Practice is a place for all government practitioners, leaders, or people interested in design for government to share ideas, solve problems, connect to peers and work in the open.

• P3M community - This community is for people involved in portfolio, program and project management (P3M) in any part of government in Australia.

• Open data community - This community is for people who work with public data in the Australian Public Service or who carry out publicly funded research. It's also for people who develop, innovate or carry out research using Australia’s public datasets.

Apart from the above CoP's, the Australian Government has established the Digital Profession center (Australian Government n.d.) as part of the Australian Government with the aim to lift the digital capability of the Australian Public Service (APS) to transform government services and build a government fit for the digital age.

The UK as part of their Government Digital Service (gov.uk) has created a set of service manuals and several communities of practice. One of these manuals is a handbook for people developing communities of practice in government - Community Development Handbook (GOV.UK 2017).

The UK government states that Communities of practice are for people who share common job roles, responsibilities or remits. They do well through regular interaction and common goals.

The communities of Practice that the UK government has established CoPs that include:

• Accessibility community - For anyone with an interest in accessibility.

• Agile delivery community - For anyone interested in using agile methods to deliver government projects.

• Assisted digital and digital take-up community - For anyone procuring, designing or managing assisted digital support.

• Content community - For anyone involved in content or website publishing.

• Data Engineering community - For anyone designing and building data products and services.

• Data science community - For anyone interested in data science best practice and using evidence to make decisions.

• Design community - For anyone working in interaction design, graphic design, service design or content design.

• Digital buying community - For anyone in the public sector buying digital data and technology services.

• Performance analysis community - For anyone working with data and analytics.

• Policy design community - Discuss and learn about the role of policy design in government.

• Product and service community - For anyone using product management methods to deliver government products and services .

• Standards and assurance community - For anyone designing, implementing or assessing government digital or technology standards.

• Technical writing community - For anyone interested in writing about technology.

• Technology community (backend development) - For anyone working in backend development for services.

• Technology community (frontend development) - For anyone working in frontend development for services.

• Technology community (technical architecture) - For anyone working in technical architecture for services.

• Technology community (web operations) - For anyone working in web operations for services.

• User research community - For anyone interested in improving user research practices across government.

• User support community - For anyone working in user support for services.

Description

The EAPC Competency framework is destined for innovative professionals working in public sector organizations. It describes the eight skills that are necessary to promote innovation in the public sector: self-organizations, independent learning, creativity, communication, teamwork, networking, capturing trends and risk management. The framework reflects three primary vector:, the individual, the team, and the organization. To achieve innovation, the individual needs to be action-oriented; the team needs to be cooperative; and the organization must be sustainable.

This kind of competency framework aligns with the GovStack Approach as it supports co-design and an agile mindset. As such, it is easy to combine its iterative style with the training plans that GovStack envisages for capacity building.

This type of competency framework serves well GovStack approach as it supports co-design and agile way of thinking. In that way it is easy to combine iterative style with the training plans which are meant for the capacity building.

Description

(ISCO) is one of the main international classifications for which the International Labor Organization (ILO) is responsible. ISCO is a tool for organizing jobs into a clearly defined set of groups according to the tasks and duties undertaken in the job. ISCO-08 is a four-level hierarchically structured classification that allows all jobs to be classified into 436 unit groups. They are aggregated into 130 minor groups, 43 sub-major groups and 10 major groups.[1]

Link

[1]https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/@dgreports/@dcomm/@publ/documents/publication/wcms_172572.pdf

Description

Created by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN), it has been designed to communicate the competencies required by ICT professionals.

It establishes 41 competences across 5 proficiency levels and provides knowledge and skills examples. The framework distinguishes 5 e-competence areas based on the IT macro processes PLAN –BUILD –RUN – ENABLE – MANAGE.[2][3]

Links

[2] https://itprofessionalism.org/app/uploads/2019/11/User-guide-for-the-application-of-the-e-CF-3.0_CEN_CWA_16234-2_2014.pdf

[3] https://itprofessionalism.org/about-it-professionalism/competences/the-e-competence-framework/

Description

The Digital Competence Framework for Citizen (DigComp) provides a common understanding of what digital competence is. The integrated DigComp 2.2 framework provides more than 250 new examples of knowledge, skills and attitudes that help citizens engage confidently, critically and safely with digital technologies, and new and emerging ones such as systems driven by artificial intelligence (AI).

Description

It covers all kinds of competences and is not limited to IT capabilities only. The framework establishes 8 levels of knowledge, skills, and abilities to apply knowledge and skills with autonomy and responsibility.

e-QF is considered an instrument of comparing qualifications across countries and institutions. [4] As of September 2021, 35 countries have linked their national qualification systems to e-QF.[5][6]

Links

[4] https://europa.eu/europass/en/eqf-brochure-and-infographic

[5] https://www.cedefop.europa.eu/en/projects/european-qualifications-framework-eqf

[6] https://europa.eu/europass/en/european-qualifications-framework-eqf

Description

It examines undergraduate curricular guidelines in computer engineering, computer science, cybersecurity, information systems, information technology, software engineering, and data science (under development). Taking into account the trends in computing and requirements of the workplaces, the report underlines the transition from knowledge-based learning to competency-based learning.

It also recommends including cybersecurity and data science to curricula.[7] Also, the report creators have come up with the list of draft competencies in each of the researched areas.

Links

[7] https://www.acm.org/binaries/content/assets/education/curricula-recommendations/cc2020.pdf

Description

It includes 97 skills across 6 categories: Strategy and architecture, Change and transformation, Development and implementation, Delivery and operation, Skills and quality, Relationships and engagement.

SFIA introduces 7 different levels of responsibility, at which skills can be exercised. However, the seven levels are not applicable to all skills, as some are necessary at entry level and some at senior roles.[8]

An example of the SFIA application can be found in the Australian work on the creation of the Digital Career Pathways Framework [9] a supporting tool to identify career routes and skill gap.

Links

[8] https://sfia-online.org/en

[9] https://sfia-online.org/en

Description

The framework uses e-CF to describe professional roles. The roles are described in a unified manner (name, mission, description of significant activities and tasks, list of competences, trends and factors in change for the job-role, example of a typical deliverable).

The roles are divided into 7 families: Organization and management of changes to the information system, Project management, Application life cycle, Provision of infrastructure and maintenance in operational condition, Support and assistance, Security, Operational Management, Data, Supplier relationships.[10]

Links

[10] https://www.cigref.fr/wp/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Cigref-Nomenclature-Information-Systems-Job-profiles-framework-update-2018-EN.pdf

Description

In addition to German Qualifications Framework[11], which covers a broad scope of qualifications, The German Advanced IT Training System provides a system of career profiles of specialists in the computer, software and telecommunications sectors.[12]

Links

[11]https://www.dqr.de/SiteGlobals/Forms/dqr/en/qualifikationssuche/search_form.html?nn=469104&resourceId=365954&input_=469104&pageLocale=en&templateQueryString=information+technology&submit=

[12] https://silo.tips/queue/the-german-advanced-it-training-system?&queue_id=-1&v=1640173758&u=MTkzLjQwLjI1MC4yMzA=

Description

e-GCF provides along with the toolkit easy steps on how to structure an e-Governance team and how to conduct fact-based training needs analysis for competency benchmarking. It includes 19 identified e-governance roles categorized into 2 major roles: 8 administrative and 11 technical roles.

It covers all kinds of competencies and is not limited to IT capabilities only. The e-GCF aligns competencies across four dimensions: Professional Skills Set, Knowledge Set, Behavioral Set, and Qualifications Set. It also recommends improvements in recruitment processes and outcomes, and performance evaluation.

1. Define profiles, roles, and qualifications to understand the existing roles of the country. Prioritize profiles based on its criticality.

2. Conduct capacity building needs assessment and SWOT analysis

3. Identify gaps and try to understand what type of skills are needed, using RFI 4 as a guide.

4. Review capacity-building inventory and identify gaps in capacity-building assets.

5. Complete curriculum map and validate with users in order to understand what type of skills are needed.

6. Align capacity-building intervention.

7. Design learning journeys per one user persona.

8. The design team and organizational interventions.

9. Complete and cost capacity building program and MEL.

10. Consolidate capacity building activities.

11. Pilot, test, and refine training per user persona.

12. Implement, assess, and improve interventions